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'''Electronic symbols''' are graphical representations used to depict electronic components, devices, and circuits in circuit diagrams and schematics. These symbols help engineers, technicians, and hobbyists communicate and understand the design and functionality of electronic circuits. Electronic symbols should be intuitive, allowing users to grasp their meaning at a glance.
'''Electronic symbols''' are graphical representations used to depict electronic components, devices, and circuits in circuit diagrams and schematics. These symbols help engineers, technicians, and hobbyists communicate and understand the design and functionality of electronic circuits. Electronic symbols should be intuitive, allowing users to grasp their meaning at a glance. It's essential to understand these symbols when reading or creating circuit diagrams to design and troubleshoot electronic circuits.

A reference designator is a component label on a schematic diagram to identify and differentiate between components. It usually consists of a letter indicating the type of component (e.g., "R" for resistor, "C" for capacitor, "D" for diode) followed by a unique number, such as "R1," "C2," or "D3".

⚫
The symbols are standardized, and various organizations, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), provide guidelines for their use. The standards are not always strictly adhered to.


== Examples of electronic symbols ==
== Examples of electronic symbols ==
The following is a selection of some of the most common symbols.
⚫
These symbols are standardized, and various organizations, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), provide guidelines for their use. It's essential to understand these symbols when reading or creating circuit diagrams to design and troubleshoot electronic circuits. The following is a selection of some of the most common symbols.


{|class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Component!!Reference designator!!Unit!!colspan=2|Symbol
!Component!!Reference designator!!Unit!! colspan="2" |Symbol
|-
|-
| Resistor, IEEE and IEC style||R||Ohm||[[File:Resistor h wikisch.svg|100px]]||[[File:Resistor symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
| Resistor, IEEE and IEC style||R||Ohm||[[File:Resistor h wikisch.svg|100px]]||[[File:Resistor symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
Line 11: Line 15:
| Potentiometer, IEEE and IEC style||RV||Ohm||[[File:Pot schemA.svg|100px]]||[[File:Potentiometer symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
| Potentiometer, IEEE and IEC style||RV||Ohm||[[File:Pot schemA.svg|100px]]||[[File:Potentiometer symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
|-
|-
| Trimmer resistor, IEC style||RT||Ohm||colspan=2|[[File:Preset resistor transparent body.svg|100px|center]]
| Trimmer resistor, IEC style||RT||Ohm|| colspan="2" |[[File:Preset resistor transparent body.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Capacitor||C||Farad||colspan=2|[[File:One non-polarized capacitor symbol.svg|40px|center]]
| Capacitor||C||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:One non-polarized capacitor symbol.svg|40px|center]]
|-
|-
| Polarised capacitor||C||Farad||colspan=2|[[File:Three polarized capacitor symbols.svg|170px|center]]
| Polarised capacitor||C||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Three polarized capacitor symbols.svg|170px|center]]
|-
|-
| Variable capacitor||CV||Farad||colspan=2|[[File:Symbol Capacitor (changeable).svg|70px|center]]
| Variable capacitor||CV||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Symbol Capacitor (changeable).svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Trimmer capacitor||CT||Farad||colspan=2|[[File:Symbol Capacitor (setable).svg|70px|center]]
| Trimmer capacitor||CT||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Symbol Capacitor (setable).svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Inductor||L||Henry||colspan=2|[[File:Inductor.svg|70px|center]]
| Inductor||L||Henry|| colspan="2" |[[File:Inductor.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Magnetic core inductor||L||Henry||colspan=2|[[File:IEC Inductor with magnetic core.svg|70px|center]]
| Magnetic core inductor||L||Henry|| colspan="2" |[[File:IEC Inductor with magnetic core.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Transformer with two secondary windings||T|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:Transformer two secondary windings.svg|70px|center]]
| Transformer with two secondary windings||T|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Transformer two secondary windings.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Quartz crystal||Y or XTAL||Herz||colspan=2|[[File:Crystal-oscillator-IEC-Symbol.svg|70px|center]]
| Quartz crystal||X or XTAL||Herz|| colspan="2" |[[File:Crystal-oscillator-IEC-Symbol.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Diode||D|| — ||[[File:Diode01.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode01s.svg|70px|center]]
| Diode||D|| — ||[[File:Diode01.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode01s.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Schottky diode|| D with number|| — ||[[File:Diode09.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode09s.svg|70px|center]]
| Schottky diode|| D or SD|| — ||[[File:Diode09.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode09s.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Zener diode||ZD|| — ||[[File:Zener diode symbol-2.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Symbol Z-Diode.svg|100px|center]]
| Zener diode||Z or D|| — ||[[File:Zener diode symbol-2.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Symbol Z-Diode.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Varactor diode||VD or D with number|| — ||[[File:Diode06.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode06s.svg|70px|center]]
| Varactor diode||VD or D|| — ||[[File:Diode06.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode06s.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| LED||LED|| — ||[[File:Diode08.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Symbol_LED.svg|70px|center]]
| LED||D or LED|| — ||[[File:Diode08.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Symbol_LED.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| NPN bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT NPN symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol npn no circle.svg|50px|center]]
| NPN bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT NPN symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol npn no circle.svg|50px|center]]
Line 43: Line 47:
| PNP bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT PNP symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol pnp no circle.svg|70px|center]]
| PNP bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT PNP symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol pnp no circle.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| N-channel JFET||Q|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:JFET N-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
| N-channel JFET||Q|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:JFET N-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| P-channel JFET||Q|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:JFET P-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
| P-channel JFET||Q|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:JFET P-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
|-
|-
| Operational Amplifier||U with part number|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:Op-amp symbol simplified.svg|100px|center]]
| Operational Amplifier||U (for any IC)|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Op-amp symbol simplified.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Microphone, IEEE and IEC style||MIC||Ohm||[[File:IEEE MIC.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEC MIC.svg|50px|center]]
| Microphone, IEEE and IEC style||MIC||Ohm||[[File:IEEE MIC.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEC MIC.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| Loudspeaker||SPKR||Ohm||colspan=2|[[File:IEEE Loudspeaker.svg|50px|center]]
| Loudspeaker||LS or SPKR||Ohm|| colspan="2" |[[File:IEEE Loudspeaker.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| Single cell and battery||B or BAT||Volt||[[File:Battery symbol1.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Battery symbol2.svg|50px|center]]
| Single cell and battery||B or BAT||Volt||[[File:Battery symbol1.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Battery symbol2.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| Incandescent light bulb||FIL||Watt||colspan=2|[[File:Lamp symbol.svg|100px|center]]
| Incandescent light bulb||L or FIL||Watt|| colspan="2" |[[File:Lamp symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Voltmeter and ammeter||V and A||||[[File:Symbole voltmetre.png|100px|center]]||[[File:Symbole amperemetre.png|100px|center]]
| Voltmeter and ammeter||V and A|| ||[[File:Symbole voltmetre.png|100px|center]]||[[File:Symbole amperemetre.png|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Push-to-make switch, push-to break switch, IEEE style||SW with description|| — ||[[File:IEEE push to make switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEEE push to break switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]
| Push-to-make switch, push-to break switch, IEEE style||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:IEEE push to make switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEEE push to break switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| SPST and SPDT switch||SW with description|| — ||[[File:SPST-Switch.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:3wayswitchR.svg|100px|center]]
| SPST and SPDT switch||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:SPST-Switch.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:3wayswitchR.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| DPST and DPDT switch||SW with description|| — ||[[File:DPST-symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:DPDT-symbol.svg|100px|center]]
| DPST and DPDT switch||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:DPST-symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:DPDT-symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| DPST and DPDT relay||K with description|| — ||[[File:SPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:DPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]
| DPST and DPDT relay||K (with type)|| — ||[[File:SPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:DPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| TS and TRS jack socket||TS and TRS|| — ||[[File:TS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:TRS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]
| TS and TRS jack socket||TS and TRS|| — ||[[File:TS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:TRS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| DC barrel connector, positive tip||J|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:Positive Tip Plug.svg|100px|center]]
| DC barrel connector, positive tip||J|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Positive Tip Plug.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Voltage source and current source||V and I|| — ||[[File:Voltage Source.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:Current Source.svg|100px|center]]
| Voltage source and current source||V and I|| — ||[[File:Voltage Source.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:Current Source.svg|100px|center]]
Line 75: Line 79:
| Fuse, IEEE and IEC style||F||Amp||[[File:IEEE style fuse.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:IEC style fuse.svg|100px|center]]
| Fuse, IEEE and IEC style||F||Amp||[[File:IEEE style fuse.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:IEC style fuse.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|-
| Antenna||A|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:IEC Antenna.svg|30px|center]]
| Antenna||A|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:IEC Antenna.svg|30px|center]]
|-
|-
| Earth||GND or EARTH|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:IEC style earth.svg|50px|center]]
| Earth||GND or EARTH|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:IEC style earth.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| Chassis ground||GND or CHASSIS|| — ||colspan=2|[[File:IEC style chassis ground.svg|50px|center]]
| Chassis ground||GND or CHASSIS|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:IEC style chassis ground.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|-
| Wires crossing and junction|| — || — ||[[File:Wire Cross.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Wire E.svg|50px|center]]
| Wires crossing and junction|| — || — ||[[File:Wire Cross.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Wire E.svg|50px|center]]
Line 96: Line 100:
}}
}}


[[Category:Fundamentals, units and symbols]]
[[Category:Units and symbols]]

Latest revision as of 14:54, 18 June 2024

Electronic symbols are graphical representations used to depict electronic components, devices, and circuits in circuit diagrams and schematics. These symbols help engineers, technicians, and hobbyists communicate and understand the design and functionality of electronic circuits. Electronic symbols should be intuitive, allowing users to grasp their meaning at a glance. It's essential to understand these symbols when reading or creating circuit diagrams to design and troubleshoot electronic circuits.

A reference designator is a component label on a schematic diagram to identify and differentiate between components. It usually consists of a letter indicating the type of component (e.g., "R" for resistor, "C" for capacitor, "D" for diode) followed by a unique number, such as "R1," "C2," or "D3".

The symbols are standardized, and various organizations, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), provide guidelines for their use. The standards are not always strictly adhered to.

Examples of electronic symbols

The following is a selection of some of the most common symbols.

Component Reference designator Unit Symbol
Resistor, IEEE and IEC style R Ohm
Potentiometer, IEEE and IEC style RV Ohm
Trimmer resistor, IEC style RT Ohm
Capacitor C Farad
Polarised capacitor C Farad
Variable capacitor CV Farad
Trimmer capacitor CT Farad
Inductor L Henry
Magnetic core inductor L Henry
Transformer with two secondary windings T  — 
Quartz crystal X or XTAL Herz
Diode D  — 
Schottky diode D or SD  — 
Zener diode Z or D  — 
Varactor diode VD or D  — 
LED D or LED  — 
NPN bipolar junction transistor Q  — 
PNP bipolar junction transistor Q  — 
N-channel JFET Q  — 
P-channel JFET Q  — 
Operational Amplifier U (for any IC)  — 
Microphone, IEEE and IEC style MIC Ohm
Loudspeaker LS or SPKR Ohm
Single cell and battery B or BAT Volt
Incandescent light bulb L or FIL Watt
Voltmeter and ammeter V and A
Push-to-make switch, push-to break switch, IEEE style SW (with type)  — 
SPST and SPDT switch SW (with type)  — 
DPST and DPDT switch SW (with type)  — 
DPST and DPDT relay K (with type)  — 
TS and TRS jack socket TS and TRS  — 
DC barrel connector, positive tip J  — 
Voltage source and current source V and I  — 
Fuse, IEEE and IEC style F Amp
Antenna A  — 
Earth GND or EARTH  — 
Chassis ground GND or CHASSIS  — 
Wires crossing and junction  —   — 

External links

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