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'''Electronic symbols''' are graphical representations used to depict electronic components, devices, and circuits in circuit diagrams and schematics. These symbols help engineers, technicians, and hobbyists communicate and understand the design and functionality of electronic circuits. Electronic symbols should be intuitive, allowing users to grasp their meaning at a glance. It's essential to understand these symbols when reading or creating circuit diagrams to design and troubleshoot electronic circuits.
A reference designator is a component label on a schematic diagram to identify and differentiate between components. It usually consists of a letter indicating the type of component (e.g., "R" for resistor, "C" for capacitor, "D" for diode) followed by a unique number, such as "R1," "C2," or "D3".
{|class="wikitable"▼
!Component!!Unit!!colspan=2|Symbol▼
The symbols are standardized, and various organizations, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), provide guidelines for their use. The standards are not always strictly adhered to.
== Examples of electronic symbols ==
The following is a selection of some of the most common symbols.
▲{| class="wikitable"
▲!Component!!Reference designator!!Unit!! colspan="2" |Symbol
|-
| Resistor, IEEE and IEC style||R||Ohm||[[File:Resistor h wikisch.svg|100px]]||[[File:Resistor symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
|-
| Potentiometer, IEEE and IEC style||RV||Ohm||[[File:Pot schemA.svg|100px]]||[[File:Potentiometer symbol Europe.svg|100px]]
|-
|
|- ▼
|-
| Capacitor||C||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:One non-polarized capacitor symbol.svg|40px|center]]
|-
| Polarised capacitor||C||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Three polarized capacitor symbols.svg|170px|center]]
|-
| Variable capacitor||CV||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Symbol Capacitor (changeable).svg|70px|center]]
|-
| Trimmer capacitor||CT||Farad|| colspan="2" |[[File:Symbol Capacitor (setable).svg|70px|center]]
| Inductor||L||Henry|| colspan="2" |[[File:Inductor.svg|70px|center]]
| Magnetic core inductor||L||Henry|| colspan="2" |[[File:IEC Inductor with magnetic core.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| Transformer with two secondary windings||T|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Transformer two secondary windings.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| Quartz crystal||X or XTAL||Herz|| colspan="2" |[[File:
|-
| Diode||D|| — ||[[File:Diode01.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode01s.svg|70px|center]]
▲| Quartz crystal||Herz||colspan=2|[[File:IEEE 315 Fundamental Items Symbols (113).svg|100px]]
|-
|
|-
|
| Varactor diode||VD or D|| — ||[[File:Diode06.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Diode06s.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| LED||D or LED|| — ||[[File:Diode08.svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Symbol_LED.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| NPN bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT NPN symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol npn no circle.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| PNP bipolar junction transistor||Q|| — ||[[File:BJT PNP symbol (case, unlabelled).svg|70px|center]]||[[File:Transistor symbol pnp no circle.svg|70px|center]]
| N-channel JFET||Q|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:JFET N-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| P-channel JFET||Q|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:JFET P-Channel.svg|70px|center]]
|-
| Operational Amplifier||U (for any IC)|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Op-amp symbol simplified.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| Microphone, IEEE and IEC style||MIC||Ohm||[[File:IEEE MIC.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEC MIC.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| Loudspeaker||LS or SPKR||Ohm|| colspan="2" |[[File:IEEE Loudspeaker.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| Single cell and battery||B or BAT||Volt||[[File:Battery symbol1.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Battery symbol2.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| Incandescent light bulb||L or FIL||Watt|| colspan="2" |[[File:Lamp symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| Voltmeter and ammeter||V and A|| ||[[File:Symbole voltmetre.png|100px|center]]||[[File:Symbole amperemetre.png|100px|center]]
|-
| Push-to-make switch, push-to break switch, IEEE style||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:IEEE push to make switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:IEEE push to break switch symbol.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| SPST and SPDT switch||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:SPST-Switch.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:3wayswitchR.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| DPST and DPDT switch||SW (with type)|| — ||[[File:DPST-symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:DPDT-symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| DPST and DPDT relay||K (with type)|| — ||[[File:SPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:DPDT relay symbol.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| TS and TRS jack socket||TS and TRS|| — ||[[File:TS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:TRS phone connector symbol.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| DC barrel connector, positive tip||J|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:Positive Tip Plug.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| Voltage source and current source||V and I|| — ||[[File:Voltage Source.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:Current Source.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| Fuse, IEEE and IEC style||F||Amp||[[File:IEEE style fuse.svg|100px|center]]||[[File:IEC style fuse.svg|100px|center]]
|-
| Antenna||A|| — || colspan="2" |[[File:IEC Antenna.svg|30px|center]]
|-
|
|-
|
|-
| Wires crossing and junction|| — || — ||[[File:Wire Cross.svg|50px|center]]||[[File:Wire E.svg|50px|center]]
▲|-
▲|-
▲|-
|}
<!--
== See also ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Further reading == -->
== External links ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbol Electronic symbol], Wikipedia
[[Category:Electronic symbols]]▼
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